feat(db): improve database error handling with expanded retry logic #5264

Job	Run time
build-and-check	2m 38s
test-integration-packages/billing	37s
test-integration-web	46s
test-integration-sdk	42s
test-integration-.agents	45s
test-integration-cli	43s
test-packages/billing	40s
test-integration-common	39s
test-packages/internal	44s
test-integration-packages/agent-runtime	37s
test-integration-packages/internal	38s
test-packages/agent-runtime	49s
test-sdk	50s
test-common	45s
test-cli	1m 13s
test-.agents	41s
test-web	42s
	14m 29s

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