diff --git a/.github/workflows/pull_request.yml b/.github/workflows/pull_request.yml
index d50222c2..28c5cb73 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/pull_request.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/pull_request.yml
@@ -37,10 +37,6 @@ jobs:
       wasm_sdk_pre_build_command: |
         cd tests/TestPackage
       enable_wasm_sdk_build: true
-      # Android
-      android_sdk_pre_build_command: |
-        cd tests/TestPackage
-      enable_android_sdk_build: true
       # Windows
       windows_build_command: |
         cd tests/TestPackage
@@ -56,7 +52,7 @@ jobs:
       # Android
       android_sdk_pre_build_command: |
         cd tests/TestPackage
-      enable_android_sdk_build: true
+      enable_android_sdk_checks: true
       # Windows
       windows_build_command: |
         cd tests/TestPackage
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scripts/android/android-emulator-tests.sh b/.github/workflows/scripts/android/android-emulator-tests.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..87fe5b42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/scripts/android/android-emulator-tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+##===----------------------------------------------------------------------===##
+##
+## This source file is part of the Swift.org open source project
+##
+## Copyright (c) 2025 Apple Inc. and the Swift project authors
+## Licensed under Apache License v2.0 with Runtime Library Exception
+##
+## See https://swift.org/LICENSE.txt for license information
+## See https://swift.org/CONTRIBUTORS.txt for the list of Swift project authors
+##
+##===----------------------------------------------------------------------===##
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+log() { printf -- "** %s\n" "$*" >&2; }
+error() { printf -- "** ERROR: %s\n" "$*" >&2; }
+fatal() { error "$@"; exit 1; }
+
+ANDROID_PROFILE="Nexus 10"
+ANDROID_EMULATOR_TIMEOUT=300
+
+SWIFTPM_HOME="${XDG_CONFIG_HOME}"/swiftpm
+# e.g., "${SWIFTPM_HOME}"/swift-sdks/swift-DEVELOPMENT-SNAPSHOT-2025-12-11-a_android.artifactbundle/
+SWIFT_ANDROID_SDK_HOME=$(find "${SWIFTPM_HOME}"/swift-sdks -maxdepth 1 -name 'swift-*android.artifactbundle' | tail -n 1)
+
+ANDROID_SDK_TRIPLE="x86_64-unknown-linux-android28"
+
+while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
+    case $1 in
+        --android-sdk-triple=*)
+            ANDROID_SDK_TRIPLE="${1#*=}"
+            shift
+            ;;
+        --android-profile=*)
+            ANDROID_PROFILE="${1#*=}"
+            shift
+            ;;
+        --android-emulator-timeout=*)
+            ANDROID_EMULATOR_TIMEOUT="${1#*=}"
+            shift
+            ;;
+        -*)
+            fatal "Unknown option: $1"
+            ;;
+        *)
+            if [[ -z "$SWIFT_VERSION_INPUT" ]]; then
+                SWIFT_VERSION_INPUT="$1"
+            else
+                fatal "Multiple Swift versions specified: $SWIFT_VERSION_INPUT and $1"
+            fi
+            shift
+            ;;
+    esac
+done
+
+# extract the API level from the end of the triple 
+ANDROID_API="${ANDROID_SDK_TRIPLE/*-unknown-linux-android/}"
+
+# extract the build arch from the beginning of the triple
+ANDROID_EMULATOR_ARCH="${ANDROID_SDK_TRIPLE/-unknown-linux-android*/}"
+
+# x86_64=x86_64, armv7=arm
+ANDROID_EMULATOR_ARCH_TRIPLE="${ANDROID_EMULATOR_ARCH}"
+
+log "Running tests for ${ANDROID_SDK_TRIPLE}"
+
+EMULATOR_SPEC="system-images;android-${ANDROID_API};default;${ANDROID_EMULATOR_ARCH}"
+
+log "SWIFT_ANDROID_SDK_HOME=${SWIFT_ANDROID_SDK_HOME}"
+
+# install and start an Android emulator
+log "Listing installed Android SDKs"
+export PATH="${PATH}:$ANDROID_HOME/emulator:$ANDROID_HOME/tools:$ANDROID_HOME/build-tools/latest:$ANDROID_HOME/platform-tools:$ANDROID_HOME/cmdline-tools/latest/bin"
+sdkmanager --list_installed
+
+log "Updating Android SDK licenses"
+yes | sdkmanager --licenses > /dev/null || true
+
+log "Installing Android emulator"
+sdkmanager --install "emulator" "platform-tools" "platforms;android-${ANDROID_API}" "${EMULATOR_SPEC}"
+
+log "Creating Android emulator"
+export ANDROID_AVD_HOME=${XDG_CONFIG_HOME:-$HOME}/.android/avd
+ANDROID_EMULATOR_NAME="swiftemu"
+avdmanager create avd --force -n "${ANDROID_EMULATOR_NAME}" --package "${EMULATOR_SPEC}" --device "${ANDROID_PROFILE}"
+
+log "Configuring Android emulators"
+emulator -list-avds
+
+log "Check Hardware Acceleration (KVM)"
+emulator -accel-check
+
+log "Starting Android emulator"
+# launch the emulator in the background
+nohup emulator -no-metrics -partition-size 1024 -memory 4096 -wipe-data -no-window -no-snapshot -noaudio -no-boot-anim -avd "${ANDROID_EMULATOR_NAME}" &
+
+log "Waiting for Android emulator startup"
+timeout "${ANDROID_EMULATOR_TIMEOUT}" adb wait-for-any-device
+
+log "Prepare Swift test package"
+# create a staging folder where we copy the test executable
+# and all the dependent libraries to copy over to the emulator
+STAGING_DIR="swift-android-test"
+rm -rf "${STAGING_DIR}"
+mkdir "${STAGING_DIR}"
+
+BUILD_DIR=.build/"${ANDROID_SDK_TRIPLE}"/debug
+
+find "${BUILD_DIR}" -name '*.xctest' -exec cp -av {} "${STAGING_DIR}" \;
+find "${BUILD_DIR}" -name '*.resources' -exec cp -av {} "${STAGING_DIR}" \;
+
+# copy over the required library dependencies
+cp -av "${SWIFT_ANDROID_SDK_HOME}"/swift-android/swift-resources/usr/lib/swift-"${ANDROID_EMULATOR_ARCH_TRIPLE}"/android/*.so "${STAGING_DIR}"
+cp -av "${SWIFT_ANDROID_SDK_HOME}"/swift-android/ndk-sysroot/usr/lib/"${ANDROID_EMULATOR_ARCH_TRIPLE}"-linux-android/libc++_shared.so "${STAGING_DIR}"
+
+# for the common case of tests referencing
+# their own files as hardwired paths instead of resources
+if [[ -d Tests ]]; then
+    cp -a Tests "${STAGING_DIR}"
+fi
+
+# warn about macros in packages, as per
+# https://github.com/swiftlang/github-workflows/pull/215#discussion_r2621335245
+grep -q '\.macro(' Package.swift && log "WARNING: Packages with macros are known to have issues with cross-compilation: https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-package-manager/issues/8094" || true
+
+log "Copy Swift test package to emulator"
+
+ANDROID_TMP_FOLDER="/data/local/tmp/${STAGING_DIR}"
+adb push "${STAGING_DIR}" "${ANDROID_TMP_FOLDER}"
+
+TEST_CMD="./*.xctest"
+TEST_SHELL="cd ${ANDROID_TMP_FOLDER}"
+TEST_SHELL="${TEST_SHELL} && ${TEST_CMD} --testing-library xctest"
+
+# Run test cases a second time with the Swift Testing library
+# We additionally need to handle the special exit code
+# EXIT_NO_TESTS_FOUND (69 on Android), which can happen
+# when the tests link to Testing, but no tests are executed
+# see: https://github.com/swiftlang/swift-package-manager/blob/main/Sources/Commands/SwiftTestCommand.swift#L1571
+TEST_SHELL="${TEST_SHELL} && ${TEST_CMD} --testing-library swift-testing && [ \$? -eq 0 ] || [ \$? -eq 69 ]"
+
+log "Run Swift package tests"
+
+# run the test executable
+adb shell "${TEST_SHELL}"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/swift_package_test.yml b/.github/workflows/swift_package_test.yml
index a81d047d..6ea529c4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/swift_package_test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/swift_package_test.yml
@@ -198,6 +198,10 @@ on:
         type: boolean
         description: "Boolean to enable building with the Swift SDK for Android. Defaults to false"
         default: false
+      enable_android_sdk_checks:
+        type: boolean
+        description: "Boolean to enable testing with the Swift SDK for Android. Defaults to false"
+        default: false
       enable_macos_checks:
         type: boolean
         description: "Boolean to enable macOS testing. Defaults to false"
@@ -582,21 +586,17 @@ jobs:
           ${{ steps.script_path.outputs.root }}/.github/workflows/scripts/install-and-build-with-sdk.sh --embedded-wasm --flags="$BUILD_FLAGS" ${{ matrix.swift_version }}
 
   android-sdk-build:
-    name: Swift SDK for Android Build (${{ matrix.swift_version }} - ${{ matrix.os_version }} - NDK ${{ matrix.ndk_version }})
+    name: Swift SDK for Android Build (${{ matrix.swift_version }} - NDK ${{ matrix.ndk_version }})
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:
         swift_version: ${{ fromJson(inputs.android_sdk_versions) }}
         ndk_version: ${{ fromJson(inputs.android_ndk_versions) }}
-        os_version: ${{ fromJson(inputs.linux_os_versions) }}
         exclude:
           - ${{ fromJson(inputs.android_exclude_swift_versions) }}
-          - ${{ fromJson((!inputs.enable_android_sdk_build && inputs.android_sdk_versions) || '[]') }}
-          - ${{ fromJson((!inputs.enable_android_sdk_build && inputs.android_ndk_versions) || '[]') }}
-          - ${{ fromJson((!inputs.enable_android_sdk_build && inputs.linux_os_versions) || '[]') }}
-    container:
-      image: ${{ (contains(matrix.swift_version, 'nightly') && 'swiftlang/swift') || 'swift' }}:${{ matrix.swift_version }}-${{ matrix.os_version }}
+          - ${{ fromJson((!(inputs.enable_android_sdk_build || inputs.enable_android_sdk_checks) && inputs.android_sdk_versions) || '[]') }}
+          - ${{ fromJson((!(inputs.enable_android_sdk_build || inputs.enable_android_sdk_checks) && inputs.android_ndk_versions) || '[]') }}
     steps:
       - name: Swift version
         run: swift --version
@@ -604,23 +604,11 @@ jobs:
         run: clang --version
       - name: Checkout repository
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
-        if: ${{ matrix.os_version != 'amazonlinux2' }}
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v1
-        if: ${{ matrix.os_version == 'amazonlinux2' }}
       - name: Checkout swiftlang/github-workflows repository
-        if: ${{ matrix.os_version != 'amazonlinux2' && github.repository != 'swiftlang/github-workflows' }}
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           repository: swiftlang/github-workflows
           path: github-workflows
-      - name: Checkout swiftlang/github-workflows repository
-        if: ${{ matrix.os_version == 'amazonlinux2' && github.repository != 'swiftlang/github-workflows' }}
-        uses: actions/checkout@v1
-        with:
-          repository: swiftlang/github-workflows
-          path: ${{ github.event.repository.name }}/github-workflows
-          ref: main
       - name: Determine script-root path
         id: script_path
         run: |
@@ -644,10 +632,29 @@ jobs:
         run: ${{ inputs.linux_pre_build_command }}
       - name: Install Swift SDK for Android and build
         env:
-          BUILD_FLAGS: ${{ (contains(matrix.swift_version, 'nightly') && inputs.swift_nightly_flags) || inputs.swift_flags }}
+          BUILD_FLAGS: ${{ inputs.enable_android_sdk_checks && '--build-tests' }} ${{ (contains(matrix.swift_version, 'nightly') && inputs.swift_nightly_flags) || inputs.swift_flags }}
+        shell: bash
         run: |
           ${{ inputs.android_sdk_pre_build_command }}
           ${{ steps.script_path.outputs.root }}/.github/workflows/scripts/install-and-build-with-sdk.sh --android --flags="$BUILD_FLAGS" --build-command="${{ inputs.android_sdk_build_command }}" --android-sdk-triple=${{ join(fromJson(inputs.android_sdk_triples), ' --android-sdk-triple=') }} --android-ndk-version="${{ matrix.ndk_version }}" ${{ matrix.swift_version }}
+      - name: Enable KVM and free disk space
+        if: ${{ inputs.enable_android_sdk_checks }}
+        run: |
+          # enable KVM on Linux for tests, else error on emulator launch:
+          # CPU acceleration status: This user doesn't have permissions to use KVM (/dev/kvm).
+          echo 'KERNEL=="kvm", GROUP="kvm", MODE="0666", OPTIONS+="static_node=kvm"' | sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/99-kvm4all.rules
+          sudo udevadm control --reload-rules
+          sudo udevadm trigger --name-match=kvm
+
+          # need to free space or the emulator runs out
+          sudo rm -rf /opt/microsoft /opt/google /opt/az /opt/ghc /usr/share/dotnet /usr/local/share/boost /opt/hostedtoolcache /usr/local/share/chromium
+          df -h
+      - name: Install Android Emulator and run tests
+        if: ${{ inputs.enable_android_sdk_checks }}
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          ${{ inputs.android_sdk_pre_build_command }}
+          ${{ steps.script_path.outputs.root }}/.github/workflows/scripts/android/android-emulator-tests.sh --android-sdk-triple=${{ join(fromJson(inputs.android_sdk_triples), ' --android-sdk-triple=') }}
 
   windows-build:
     name: Windows (${{ matrix.swift_version }} - ${{ matrix.os_version }})