[20251105] PGM / LV2 / 도넛과 막대 그래프 / 김민진

zinnnn37/202511/5 PGM LV2 도넛과 막대 그래프.md

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+```java
+import java.util.*;
+
+class Solution {
+
+    private static int maxNode;
+    private static int[] answer;
+    private static boolean[] isParent, isChild, visited;
+    private static Queue<Integer> q;
+
+    private static Map<Integer, List<Integer>> graph;
+
+    private static void init(int[][] edges) {
+        answer = new int[4];
+        isParent = new boolean[1000001];
+        isChild = new boolean[1000001];
+
+        graph = new HashMap<>();
+
+        maxNode = 0;
+        for (int[] edge : edges) {
+            List<Integer> tmp;
+
+            maxNode = Math.max(maxNode, Math.max(edge[0], edge[1]));
+
+            isParent[edge[0]] = true;
+            isChild[edge[1]] = true;
+
+            if (graph.get(edge[0]) == null) {
+                tmp = new ArrayList<>();
+            } else {
+                tmp = graph.get(edge[0]);
+            }
+
+            tmp.add(edge[1]);
+            graph.put(edge[0], tmp);
+        }
+        q = new ArrayDeque<>();
+        visited = new boolean[maxNode + 1];
+    }
+
+    private static void findRoot() {
+        for (int i = 0; i <= maxNode; i++) {
+            if (isParent[i] && !isChild[i]) {
+                List<Integer> children = graph.get(i);
+
+                // 나가는 간선이 2개 이상
+                if (children != null && children.size() >= 2) {
+                    answer[0] = i;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void bfs(int start) {        
+        q.offer(start);
+        visited[start] = true;
+
+        int nodeCnt = 0;
+        int edgeCnt = 0;
+
+        while (!q.isEmpty()) {
+            int cur = q.poll();
+            nodeCnt++;
+
+            List<Integer> children = graph.get(cur);
+
+            // |
+            if (children == null) {
+                answer[2]++;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            edgeCnt += children.size();
+
+            // 자식 정점이 2개 이상 - 8
+            if (children.size() > 1) {
+                answer[3]++;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            for (int next : children) {
+                if (visited[next]) {
+                    // 간선 수 == 노드 수 - O
+                    // 간선 수 > 노드 수 - 8자
+                    if (edgeCnt == nodeCnt) {
+                        answer[1]++;
+                    } else {
+                        answer[3]++;
+                    }
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                visited[next] = true;
+                q.offer(next);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public int[] solution(int[][] edges) {
+        init(edges);        
+        findRoot();
+
+        for (int n : graph.get(answer[0])) {
+            Arrays.fill(visited, false);
+            bfs(n);
+            q.clear();
+        }
+
+        return answer;
+    }
+}
+```