miniRT - Ray tracer

Description

A ray-tracing project implemented on CPU. Allows you to generate scenes in 3D containing objects. Each scene can be be viewed by a set of cameras characterized by its position, direction and Field Of View (FOV). This project can be used only with Minilibx so it can work only on macOS.

Features

• Multithreaded render
• Antialiasing
• Real-time camera movement / rotation
• Blinn–Phong lighting model
• Object shadows
• Reflections of objects
• Creating screenshots

The supported primitives

• Spheres
• Planes
• Cylinders
• Squares
• Triangles

How it works

The basic ray tracing model is as follows. A camera is placed in the world and rays are cast from the camera's position to points on an imaginary image plane. A ray is used to determine what light would be going towards the camera at that point and direction. In our case each ray represents a pixel in the output image and the resulting color of the ray determines the color output for the pixel.

Usage

Installation

git clone https://github.com/Kllaster/miniRT.git && cd miniRT && make

Starting the program

./miniRT <scene_name.rt> [--save] <file_name.bmp>

optional arguments:
  --save - To save the rendered image to a screen.bmp in miniRT directory.
  --save <file_name.bmp> - To save the rendered image in file_name.bmp.

Control keys

• F5 - To save the rendered image in a file named "screen" in .bmp format.
• SPACE - Changing the camera
• ESC - Turn off the program

Camera movement

• W - Move forward
• S - Move backwards
  
  
• A - Move to the left
• D - Move to the right
  
  
• Z - Move up
• X - Move down

Camera rotation

Depending on the direction of the camera, the buttons may change.

• Q - Turn left
• E - Turn right
  
  
• ↑ - Turn up
• ↓ - Turn down
  
  
• ← - Turn left
• → - Turn right

Changing scene objects

Works with spheres, cylinders and squares.

• LBM (Left Button Mouse) - Increasing the size of the object
• RBM (Right Button Mouse) - Reducing the size of the object

Scenes

Click on the image for larger size

./miniRT scenes_files/town.rt

./miniRT scenes_files/knife.rt

./miniRT scenes_files/lights.rt

./miniRT scenes_files/board.rt

Scene format

Each element first’s information is the type identifier (composed by one or two character(s)), followed by all specific information for each object in a strict order. You can write empty lines and object order is meaningless, just don't forget ambient and resolution. (If you dont like ambient light effect you can deactivate putting a 0 in ratio).

• Resolution:
  • R 1920 1080 1
  • Identifier: R
  • Screen width
  • Screen height
  • Antialiasing [0,1] (off, on)
    
    
• Ambient lightning:
  • A 0.2 255,255,255
  • Identifier: A
  • Ambient lighting ratio in range [0.0,1.0].
  • R,G,B colors in range [0-255].
    
    
• Camera:
  • c -50,0,20 0,0,1 70
  • Identifier: c
  • x,y,z coordinates of the view point.
  • 3d normalized orientation vector. In range [-1,1] for each x,y,z axis.
  • FOV : Horizontal field of view in degrees in range [0,180].
    
    
• Light:
  • l -45,50,0 0.6 10,0,255
  • Identifier: l
  • x,y,z coordinates of the light point.
  • The light brightness ratio in range [0.0,1.0].
  • R,G,B colors in range [0-255].
    
    
• Sphere:
  • sp 0,0,20.6 12.6 10,0,255 0.4
  • Identifier: sp
  • x,y,z coordinates of the sphere center.
  • The sphere diameter.
  • R,G,B colors in range [0-255].
  • Reflection coefficient [0.0-1.0].
    
    
• Plane:
  • pl 0,0,-10 0,0.5,0 0,0,225 0.4
  • Identifier: pl
  • x,y,z coordinates.
  • 3d normalized orientation vector. In range [-1,1] for each x,y,z axis.
  • R,G,B colors in range [0-255].
  • Reflection coefficient [0.0-1.0].
    
    
• Square:
  • sq 0,0,20.6 1,0,0 12.6 255,0,255 0.4
  • Identifier: sq
  • x,y,z coordinates of the square center.
  • 3d normalized orientation vector. In range [-1,1] for each x,y,z axis.
  • Side size.
  • R,G,B colors in range [0-255].
  • Reflection coefficient [0.0-1.0].
    
    
• Cylinder:
  • cy 50,0,20.6 0,0,1 10,0,255 14.2 21.42 0.4
  • Identifier: cy
  • x,y,z coordinates of the cylinder center.
  • 3d normalized orientation vector. In range [-1,1] for each x,y,z axis.
  • The cylinder diameter.
  • The cylinder height.
  • R,G,B colors in range [0-255].
  • Reflection coefficient [0.0-1.0].
    
    
• Triangle:
  • tr 10,20,10 10,10,20 20,10,10 0,0,255 0.4
  • Identifier: tr
  • x,y,z coordinates of the first point.
  • x,y,z coordinates of the second point.
  • x,y,z coordinates of the third point.
  • R,G,B colors in range [0-255].
  • Reflection coefficient [0.0-1.0].

Example

R 1000 1000
A 0.01 255,255,255

c 0,0,0 0,0,1 55

l 10,20,0 0.6 255,255,255

sp 0,0,90 20 32,32,200 0.2
sp 10,20,75 7 255,0,255 0.2
sp -15,20,90 10 0,255,255 0.2
sp -10,-10,30 3 100,0,100 0.2
sq -10,0,70 0.9,0,-1.0 6 0,0,0 1
tr 0,-10,90 -10,0,90 10,20,100 24,43,200 1
pl -25,0,0 -1,0,0 120,0,120
pl 25,0,0 1,0,0 255,200,100
pl 0,0,100 0,0,1 0,120,120
pl 0,25,0 0,1,0 100,200,30
pl 0,-25,0 0,-1,0 0,160,0