[pull] master from ruby:master

.github/workflows/bundled_gems.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 name: bundled_gems
 
+env:
+  UPDATE_NEWS_ENABLED: false
+
 on:
   push:
     branches: ['master']
@@ -67,6 +70,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Maintain updated gems list in NEWS
         run: |
           ruby tool/update-NEWS-gemlist.rb bundled
+        if: ${{ env.UPDATE_NEWS_ENABLED == 'true' }}
 
       - name: Check diffs
         id: diff

.github/workflows/default_gems_list.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 name: Update default gems list
 on: [push, pull_request, merge_group]
 
+env:
+  UPDATE_NEWS_ENABLED: false
+
 concurrency:
   group: ${{ github.workflow }} / ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') && github.ref_name || github.sha }}
   cancel-in-progress: ${{ startsWith(github.event_name, 'pull') }}
@@ -65,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Maintain updated gems list in NEWS
         run: |
           ruby tool/update-NEWS-gemlist.rb default
-        if: ${{ steps.gems.outcome == 'success' }}
+        if: ${{ steps.gems.outcome == 'success' && env.UPDATE_NEWS_ENABLED == 'true' }}
 
       - name: Check diffs
         id: diff

COPYING

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+{日本語}[rdoc-ref:COPYING.ja]
+
 Ruby is copyrighted free software by Yukihiro Matsumoto <matz@netlab.jp>.
 You can redistribute it and/or modify it under either the terms of the
 2-clause BSDL (see the file BSDL), or the conditions below:

COPYING.ja

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+{English}[rdoc-ref:COPYING]
+
 本プログラムはフリーソフトウェアです．2-clause BSDL
 または以下に示す条件で本プログラムを再配布できます
 2-clause BSDLについてはBSDLファイルを参照して下さい．

NEWS.md

@@ -280,6 +280,12 @@ Note: We're only listing outstanding class updates.
 
 ## Stdlib updates
 
+We only list stdlib changes that are notable feature changes.
+
+Other changes are listed in the following sections. We also listed release
+history from the previous bundled version that is Ruby 3.4.0 if it has GitHub
+releases.
+
 The following bundled gems are promoted from default gems.
 
 * ostruct 0.6.3
@@ -293,15 +299,6 @@ The following bundled gems are promoted from default gems.
 * readline 0.0.4
 * fiddle 1.1.8
 
-The following bundled gems are added.
-
-
-We only list stdlib changes that are notable feature changes.
-
-Other changes are listed in the following sections. We also listed release
-history from the previous bundled version that is Ruby 3.4.0 if it has GitHub
-releases.
-
 The following default gem is added.
 
 * win32-registry 0.1.2
@@ -365,7 +362,7 @@ The following bundled gems are updated.
 
 ### RubyGems and Bundler
 
-see the following links for details.
+Ruby 4.0 bundled RubyGems and Bundler version 4. see the following links for details.
 
 * [Upgrading to RubyGems/Bundler 4 - RubyGems Blog](https://blog.rubygems.org/2025/12/03/upgrade-to-rubygems-bundler-4.html)
 * [4.0.0 Released - RubyGems Blog](https://blog.rubygems.org/2025/12/03/4.0.0-released.html)
@@ -513,7 +510,7 @@ A lot of work has gone into making Ractors more stable, performant, and usable.
 
 * ZJIT
     * Introduce an [experimental method-based JIT compiler](https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/jit/zjit_md.html).
-      To enable `--zjit` support, build Ruby with Rust 1.85.0 or later.
+      To enable ZJIT on supported platforms, supply the `--zjit` option or call `RubyVM::ZJIT.enable` at runtime.
     * As of Ruby 4.0.0, ZJIT is faster than the interpreter, but not yet as fast as YJIT.
       We encourage experimentation with ZJIT, but advise against deploying it in production for now.
     * Our goal is to make ZJIT faster than YJIT and production-ready in Ruby 4.1.

box.c

@@ -902,6 +902,8 @@ rb_box_eval(VALUE box_value, VALUE str)
 
 static int box_experimental_warned = 0;
 
+RUBY_EXTERN const char ruby_api_version_name[];
+
 void
 rb_initialize_main_box(void)
 {
@@ -914,7 +916,8 @@ rb_initialize_main_box(void)
     if (!box_experimental_warned) {
         rb_category_warn(RB_WARN_CATEGORY_EXPERIMENTAL,
                          "Ruby::Box is experimental, and the behavior may change in the future!\n"
-                         "See doc/language/box.md for known issues, etc.");
+                         "See https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/%s/Ruby/Box.html for known issues, etc.",
+                         ruby_api_version_name);
         box_experimental_warned = 1;
     }
 

doc/extension.ja.rdoc

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # extension.ja.rdoc -  -*- RDoc -*- created at: Mon Aug  7 16:45:54 JST 1995
 
+{English}[rdoc-ref:extension.rdoc]
+
 = Rubyの拡張ライブラリの作り方
 
 Rubyの拡張ライブラリの作り方を説明します．

doc/extension.rdoc

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # extension.rdoc -  -*- RDoc -*- created at: Mon Aug  7 16:45:54 JST 1995
 
+{日本語}[rdoc-ref:extension.ja.rdoc]
+
 = Creating extension libraries for Ruby
 
 This document explains how to make extension libraries for Ruby.

doc/language/globals.md

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ require 'English'
 |   `$!`   |   `$ERROR_INFO`   | \Exception object or `nil`             |   `nil`   |    Yes    | Kernel#raise |
 |   `$@`   | `$ERROR_POSITION` | \Array of backtrace positions or `nil` |   `nil`   |    Yes    | Kernel#raise |
 
-### Pattern Matching
+### Regular Expression
 
 |   Variable    |      \English       | Contains                          | Initially | Read-Only | Reset By        |
 |:-------------:|:-------------------:|-----------------------------------|:---------:|:---------:|-----------------|
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ Output:
 
 English - `$ERROR_POSITION`.
 
-## Pattern Matching
+## Regular Expression
 
 These global variables store information about the most recent
 successful match in the current scope.

doc/language/signals.rdoc

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ for its internal data structures, but it does not know when it is safe
 for data structures in YOUR code.  Ruby implements deferred signal
 handling by registering short C functions with only
 {async-signal-safe functions}[http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/signal-safety.7.html] as
-signal handlers.  These short C functions only do enough tell the VM to
+signal handlers.  These short C functions only do enough to tell the VM to
 run callbacks registered via Signal.trap later in the main Ruby Thread.
 
 == Unsafe methods to call in Signal.trap blocks

doc/string/partition.rdoc

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Note that in the examples below, a returned string <tt>'hello'</tt>
 is a copy of +self+, not +self+.
 
 If +pattern+ is a Regexp, performs the equivalent of <tt>self.match(pattern)</tt>
-(also setting {pattern-matching global variables}[rdoc-ref:language/globals.md@Pattern+Matching]):
+(also setting {pattern-matching global variables}[rdoc-ref:language/globals.md@Regular+Expression]):
 
   'hello'.partition(/h/)  # => ["", "h", "ello"]
   'hello'.partition(/l/)  # => ["he", "l", "lo"]
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ If +pattern+ is a Regexp, performs the equivalent of <tt>self.match(pattern)</tt
 
 If +pattern+ is not a Regexp, converts it to a string (if it is not already one),
 then performs the equivalent of <tt>self.index(pattern)</tt>
-(and does _not_ set {pattern-matching global variables}[rdoc-ref:language/globals.md@Pattern+Matching]):
+(and does _not_ set {pattern-matching global variables}[rdoc-ref:language/globals.md@Regular+Expression]):
 
   'hello'.partition('h')     # => ["", "h", "ello"]
   'hello'.partition('l')     # => ["he", "l", "lo"]

doc/string/rpartition.rdoc

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ The pattern used is:
 Note that in the examples below, a returned string <tt>'hello'</tt> is a copy of +self+, not +self+.
 
 If +pattern+ is a Regexp, searches for the last matching substring
-(also setting {pattern-matching global variables}[rdoc-ref:language/globals.md@Pattern+Matching]):
+(also setting {pattern-matching global variables}[rdoc-ref:language/globals.md@Regular+Expression]):
 
   'hello'.rpartition(/l/)     # => ["hel", "l", "o"]
   'hello'.rpartition(/ll/)    # => ["he", "ll", "o"]
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ If +pattern+ is a Regexp, searches for the last matching substring
 
 If +pattern+ is not a Regexp, converts it to a string (if it is not already one),
 then searches for the last matching substring
-(and does _not_ set {pattern-matching global variables}[rdoc-ref:language/globals.md@Pattern+Matching]):
+(and does _not_ set {pattern-matching global variables}[rdoc-ref:language/globals.md@Regular+Expression]):
 
   'hello'.rpartition('l')     # => ["hel", "l", "o"]
   'hello'.rpartition('ll')    # => ["he", "ll", "o"]

ext/coverage/coverage.c

@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ coverage_peek_result_i(st_data_t key, st_data_t val, st_data_t h)
  *     Coverage.peek_result  => hash
  *
  * Returns a hash that contains filename as key and coverage array as value.
- * This is the same as `Coverage.result(stop: false, clear: false)`.
+ * This is the same as <tt>Coverage.result(stop: false, clear: false)</tt>.
  *
  *   {
  *     "file.rb" => [1, 2, nil],

io_buffer.c

@@ -571,7 +571,7 @@ io_buffer_for_yield_instance_ensure(VALUE _arguments)
  *    buffer.get_string(0, 1)
  *    # => "t"
  *    string
- *    # => "best"
+ *    # => "test"
  *
  *    buffer.resize(100)
  *    # in `resize': Cannot resize external buffer! (IO::Buffer::AccessError)
@@ -3784,9 +3784,9 @@ io_buffer_not_inplace(VALUE self)
  *
  *    File.write('test.txt', 'test data')
  *    # => 9
- *    buffer = IO::Buffer.map(File.open('test.txt'))
+ *    buffer = IO::Buffer.map(File.open('test.txt'), nil, 0, IO::Buffer::READONLY)
  *    # =>
- *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007f3f0768c000+9 MAPPED IMMUTABLE>
+ *    # #<IO::Buffer 0x00007f3f0768c000+9 EXTERNAL MAPPED FILE SHARED READONLY>
  *    # ...
  *    buffer.get_string(5, 2) # read 2 bytes, starting from offset 5
  *    # => "da"

lib/cgi/escape.rb

@@ -1,20 +1,28 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
-# :stopdoc
+# Since Ruby 4.0, \CGI is a small holder for various escaping methods, included from CGI::Escape
+#
+#    require 'cgi/escape'
+#
+#    CGI.escape("Ruby programming language")
+#    #=> "Ruby+programming+language"
+#    CGI.escapeURIComponent("Ruby programming language")
+#    #=> "Ruby%20programming%20language"
+#
+# See CGI::Escape module for methods list and their description.
 class CGI
   module Escape; end
   include Escape
   extend Escape
   module EscapeExt; end # :nodoc:
 end
-# :startdoc:
 
-# Escape/unescape for CGI, HTML, URI.
+# Web-related escape/unescape functionality.
 module CGI::Escape
   @@accept_charset = Encoding::UTF_8 unless defined?(@@accept_charset)
 
   # URL-encode a string into application/x-www-form-urlencoded.
-  # Space characters (+" "+) are encoded with plus signs (+"+"+)
+  # Space characters (<tt>" "</tt>) are encoded with plus signs (<tt>"+"</tt>)
   #   url_encoded_string = CGI.escape("'Stop!' said Fred")
   #      # => "%27Stop%21%27+said+Fred"
   def escape(string)
@@ -41,7 +49,7 @@ def unescape(string, encoding = @@accept_charset)
   end
 
   # URL-encode a string following RFC 3986
-  # Space characters (+" "+) are encoded with (+"%20"+)
+  # Space characters (<tt>" "</tt>) are encoded with (<tt>"%20"</tt>)
   #   url_encoded_string = CGI.escapeURIComponent("'Stop!' said Fred")
   #      # => "%27Stop%21%27%20said%20Fred"
   def escapeURIComponent(string)
@@ -69,15 +77,15 @@ def unescapeURIComponent(string, encoding = @@accept_charset)
   alias unescape_uri_component unescapeURIComponent
 
   # The set of special characters and their escaped values
-  TABLE_FOR_ESCAPE_HTML__ = {
+  TABLE_FOR_ESCAPE_HTML__ = { # :nodoc:
     "'" => '&#39;',
     '&' => '&amp;',
     '"' => '&quot;',
     '<' => '&lt;',
     '>' => '&gt;',
   }
 
-  # Escape special characters in HTML, namely '&\"<>
+  # \Escape special characters in HTML, namely <tt>'&\"<></tt>
   #   CGI.escapeHTML('Usage: foo "bar" <baz>')
   #      # => "Usage: foo &quot;bar&quot; &lt;baz&gt;"
   def escapeHTML(string)
@@ -160,11 +168,9 @@ def unescapeHTML(string)
     string.force_encoding enc
   end
 
-  # Synonym for CGI.escapeHTML(str)
   alias escape_html escapeHTML
   alias h escapeHTML
 
-  # Synonym for CGI.unescapeHTML(str)
   alias unescape_html unescapeHTML
 
   # TruffleRuby runs the pure-Ruby variant faster, do not use the C extension there
@@ -175,7 +181,7 @@ def unescapeHTML(string)
     end
   end
 
-  # Escape only the tags of certain HTML elements in +string+.
+  # \Escape only the tags of certain HTML elements in +string+.
   #
   # Takes an element or elements or array of elements.  Each element
   # is specified by the name of the element, without angle brackets.
@@ -199,7 +205,7 @@ def escapeElement(string, *elements)
     end
   end
 
-  # Undo escaping such as that done by CGI.escapeElement()
+  # Undo escaping such as that done by CGI.escapeElement
   #
   #   print CGI.unescapeElement(
   #           CGI.escapeHTML('<BR><A HREF="url"></A>'), "A", "IMG")
@@ -219,10 +225,8 @@ def unescapeElement(string, *elements)
     end
   end
 
-  # Synonym for CGI.escapeElement(str)
   alias escape_element escapeElement
 
-  # Synonym for CGI.unescapeElement(str)
   alias unescape_element unescapeElement
 
 end

missing/dtoa.c

@@ -547,10 +547,13 @@ Balloc(int k)
 }
 
 static void
-Bfree(Bigint *v)
+Bclear(Bigint **vp)
 {
-    FREE(v);
+    Bigint *v = *vp;
+    *vp = NULL;
+    if (v) FREE(v);
 }
+#define Bfree(v) Bclear(&(v))
 
 #define Bcopy(x,y) memcpy((char *)&(x)->sign, (char *)&(y)->sign, \
 (y)->wds*sizeof(Long) + 2*sizeof(int))